Kitchener–Waterloo
Treatment Plans in Kitchener–Waterloo
Whole body
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
It causes muscle weakness that gets worse over months or years.
Anterior Wedge Fracture to the Vertebra
By far the biggest cause of wedge fractures is osteoporosis.
Benign Hypermobility Joint Syndrome
Children are often more hypermobile and may lose this as they grow up.
Bone Tumor
Tumors are lumps or masses of abnormal tissue that form when cells in a bone divide uncontrollably.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
There may be periods when your symptoms get better or worse.
Deep Tissue Massage
Firm, targeted pressure for chronic tension that hasn't responded to a lighter touch.
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is a rare disease that causes muscle weakness and a skin rash.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a long-term (chronic) condition that causes your blood glucose (sugar) level to become too high.
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)
When symptoms do occur, some of the most common are pain and stiffness, especially in the upper back.
Dystonia
Dystonia is a disorder that affects movement, causing a person's muscles to contract (tighten) uncontrollably.
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of rare inherited conditions that affect connective tissue.
Enchondroma
An enchondroma is a type of benign (non-cancerous) tumour that begins in the cartilage found inside the bones.
Focal Dystonia
Opposing muscles often contract at the same time, as if they were competing to control a body part.
Gait Re-Education
While it is hard for anyone to imagine having to learn how to walk again, this is a frightening reality for many people recovering from injuries, illness or disease.
Giant Cell Tumor
A giant cell tumor of bone is a rare, usually noncancerous (benign) bone tumor.
Greenstick Fracture of Distal Radius
It gets its name because it looks like a young green twig, which only breaks on one side when it is bent.
Growth Plate Fractures
Growth plate fractures affect the layer of growing tissue near the ends of a child’s long bones.
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (now called Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis)
JIA is the most common type of long-lasting arthritis in children, and it starts before the age of 16.
Kyphoplasty
Kyphoplasty is a procedure used to treat vertebral compression (crush) fractures.
Lupus
It can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms and signs often mimic those of other conditions.
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection that can be spread to humans by infected ticks.
Massage Therapy
What Registered Massage Therapy covers, and how each session gets built.
Multiple Myeloma
It is not a primary bone cancer, although it often damages the bones.
Myositis
Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are the most common types.
Neurofibromatosis
Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a group of genetic conditions in which tumours grow on the nerves.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis, sometimes called OA or just arthritis, is one form of the many different types of arthritis.
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)
The piece of bone and cartilage can then crack and loosen.
Osteochondroma
An osteochondroma (also called an osteocartilaginous exostosis) is a benign (noncancerous) bone tumour.
Osteochondrosis
They are not caused by inflammation or infection.
Osteomalacia
In children, the condition is called rickets.
Osteonecrosis
Osteonecrosis occurs when bone tissue dies because of a lack of blood supply.
Osteopenia
Osteopenia literally means osteo (bone) and penia (low in quantity).
Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer.
Paget's Disease
It is a fairly common condition in the UK, particularly in older people, and it is rare in people under 50.
Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a progressive condition in which parts of the brain become damaged over many years.
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS)
PVNS is a condition that affects the lining of the joints (the synovium).
Prenatal Massage
Comfortable, supported massage through pregnancy, built around a pregnancy bolster and extra padding.
Reactive Arthritis
As well as the joints, it can affect the eyes, skin and urinary tract.
Remedial Exercise & Rehab Exercises
Corrective exercise and movement coaching alongside hands-on treatment.
Rickets
Rickets is the weakening and softening of bones in children.
Spinal Fusion
Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure used to correct problems with the bones of the spine (vertebrae).
Sports Massage
Recovery-focused massage and movement coaching for athletes and lifters.
Swedish Massage
Long, flowing strokes built to calm the nervous system, not chase a specific problem.
Ulna (Distal) Fracture
When only one of the two forearm bones breaks, it is usually the ulna.
Vertebral Crush / Compression Fracture
By far the biggest cause of wedge fractures is osteoporosis.
Foot
Accessory Navicular Syndrome
It is present from birth (congenital) and is thought to have a genetic basis.
Achilles Tendinopathy
Irritation of the Achilles tendon from repeated stress in walking and running.
Bunions
Genes also play a large part: up to 70% of people who develop bunions have a family history of them.
Cavus Foot (High Arches)
Cavus foot is a condition where the foot has a very high arch.
Claw Foot
Claw foot is a type of foot deformity.
Claw Toe
When you have claw toe, your toes curl and dig down into the soles of your shoes, causing painful calluses.
Club Foot
Parents will usually know straight away if their newborn baby has a club foot.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
The cause isn't clearly understood.
Corns and Calluses
They mostly develop on the feet, toes and hands.
Cuboid Syndrome
The cuboid is one of the seven tarsal bones in the foot.
Diabetic (Charcot) Foot
Diabetes is a common condition in which blood sugar levels are too high.
Equinus Deformity
Equinus is a condition where the upward bending motion of the ankle joint is limited.
Extensor Hallucis Tendinopathy
When the extensor hallucis muscle contracts, it pulls on its tendon.
Extensor Tendinopathy of the Foot
Tendinopathy is a general term that covers both tendinosis and tendonitis.
Extensor Tendon Rupture (Foot)
An extensor tendon rupture is a tear in one of the tendons on the front of the ankle or the top of the foot.
Fifth Metatarsal Fracture
It can break suddenly in an injury, or develop a stress fracture over time.
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Sprain
The simplest definition of this condition is a sprain of the main joint of the big toe, often called turf toe.
Flat Foot (Pes Planus)
Collapse of the foot's arch — often paired with plantar fasciitis or Morton's neuroma.
Flexible Flatfoot in Children
When children with flexible flatfoot stand, the arch in the foot disappears.
Flexor Hallucis Tendon Injury
The flexor hallucis longus is a muscle that bends your big toe.
Foot Bone Bruising
When people hear the word bruise, they usually think of a black-and-blue mark on the skin.
Foot Osteoarthritis
Arthritis is a significant cause of disability in the US and UK, and it can affect people of any age.
Foot Stress Fracture
A stress fracture is a small crack in a bone, or severe bruising within a bone.
Haglund's Deformity (Pump Bump)
Haglund’s deformity is a bony enlargement on the back of the heel bone, where the Achilles tendon attaches.
Hallux Osteoarthritis
Hallux osteoarthritis means degenerative ("wear and tear") arthritis of the big toe joint.
Hallux Rigidus
Hallux rigidus is a form of degenerative arthritis affecting the large joint at the base of the big toe.
Hammer Toe
It often develops in people who wear shoes that are too narrow or have too high a heel.
Heel Bone Bruising
A heel bruise is often caused by a large amount of force being applied directly to the bottom of the heel.
Heel Fracture
Not every heel fracture follows a fall or obvious injury.
Heel Spur
Your feet take a lot of stress every time you walk, run or stand.
In-Toeing
The condition is also termed pigeon-toed.
Jones Fracture
Avulsion fractures normally heal well.
Lisfranc (Midfoot) Injury
This injury is often mistaken for a simple sprain, especially when it is the result of a twist and fall.
Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder affecting the connective tissues of the body.
Metatarsal Stress Fracture
Stress fractures are small cracks in the bone.
Metatarsalgia
Metatarsalgia is the name for pain in the ball of the foot.
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis
It most often affects the big toe joint, where it is also called hallux rigidus, or stiff big toe.
Morton's Neuroma
Burning, shooting pain or numbness between the third and fourth toes.
Muscular Dystrophy
Multiple types of muscular dystrophy exist.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta / Brittle Bone Disease
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) means imperfectly formed bone.
Phalangeal Injury (Foot)
Each foot has 14 of them: three in each toe, except the big toe, which usually has only two (Walton, n.d.a).
Phalanx Fracture (Foot)
Each foot has 14 phalanges: three in each toe, except the big toe, which usually has only two (Walton, n.d.a).
Plantar Fasciitis
Heel and arch pain that's worst first thing in the morning.
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Initially, the affected finger or toe turns pale or white due to the lack of blood.
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
This common cause of heel pain is often seen in active people, especially runners.
Sesamoid Fracture
Sesamoid fractures are difficult to understand unless you know what the sesamoid bones are.
Sesamoiditis
Sesamoiditis is a condition that affects the tissues around the sesamoid bones in the foot.
Sever's Disease
You may have heard of this condition as calcaneal apophysitis.
Spina Bifida
Spina bifida happens when a baby's spine and spinal cord do not fully develop in the womb.
Spinal Arachnoiditis
It is often associated with burning pain, severe stinging and a range of nerve problems.
Syringomyelia
Syringomyelia is when a fluid-filled cyst (called a syrinx) forms within the spinal cord.
Toe and Forefoot Fractures
The forefoot has five metatarsal bones and 14 phalanges (toe bones), which work together when you walk.
Toe Sprain
A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament – the tissue that connects bones at a joint.
Turf Toe
Turf toe is a sprain of the main joint of the big toe, the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint.
Ankle & Lower Leg
Achilles Tendon Rupture
The Achilles tendon is an important structure in the back of the leg above the heel bone (calcaneus).
Ankle Fracture
The more bones that are broken, the more unstable the ankle becomes.
Ankle Fractures in Children
They range from very mild to complex, and they need proper care because some can cause long-term problems.
Ankle Impingement (Anterior)
While it is not only an athlete's problem, it is generally considered an overuse/repetitive injury.
Ankle Osteoarthritis
Ankle osteoarthritis is a condition in which the cartilage in the ankle joint gradually wears away.
Ankle Pronation (Overpronation)
Pronation is the natural way the foot rolls inward as you take a step.
Ankle Sprains (Medial and Lateral)
Inside, outside and high ankle sprains, and how they differ.
Calf Strain / Calf Tear
A pulled or overstretched calf muscle, common in runners and lifters.
Chronic Ankle Instability
An ankle that keeps rolling or feels unreliable, often after repeated sprains.
Common Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
The common peroneal nerve usually gets trapped at the lower outside part of the knee.
Compartment Syndrome - Chronic
Compartment syndrome happens when pressure builds up inside a group of muscles.
Eversion Sprain of the Ankle
It is very common to twist your ankle.
Gastrocnemius Tendinopathy
Gastrocnemius tendinopathy is a type of injury caused by repetitive strain or overloading of the tendon.
Internal Tibial Torsion
The twist makes a child's feet turn inward, giving a "pigeon-toed" appearance.
Inversion Sprain of the Ankle
Due to the excessive force, a ligament may tear.
Os Trigonum Syndrome
If you have an os trigonum, you have a small extra (accessory) bone behind the ankle bone (talus).
Peroneal Tendinopathy
Peroneal tendinopathy is a problem with the peroneal tendons.
Pilon Fracture of the Ankle
It is also known as a plafond fracture.
Posterior Tibial Tendinopathy
Tendinopathy is a type of injury to the tendon.
Shin Splints
Deep, achy lower-leg pain after activity, common with a jump in training.
Talar Dome Lesion
They are also called osteochondral lesions.
Talus Fracture
The talus is a foot bone that sits above the heel bone (calcaneus).
Tarsal Coalition
Many people never know they have it.
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
The condition is similar to carpal tunnel syndrome in the wrist.
Tibia and Fibula Fracture
Depending on how the injury happens, the pattern of the break can be different.
Tibial Plateau Fracture
It often involves the joint's cartilage surface.
Tibial Pseudarthrosis
Tibial pseudarthrosis is the medical name given to a break in the tibia that has not healed properly.
Tibial Shaft Fracture
The tibia (shinbone) is the most commonly fractured long bone in the body.
Tibial Stress Fracture
There are two main bones in the lower leg, the tibia and fibula.
Weber Fracture
A bone fracture in the ankle is a problem for anyone who sustains it.
Knee
Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain
Adolescent anterior knee pain is common in healthy, active young people, especially girls.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries
The ACL can become injured when the knee joint is bent backwards, twisted or bent to one side or another.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Reconstruction
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of four major stabilising knee ligaments.
Baker's Cyst
It forms when fluid from the knee joint collects in a small sac at the back of the knee.
Blount's Disease
In young infants, a small amount of bowing is normal.
Bowed Legs
Bowed legs are very common in toddlers and, in most cases, are a normal part of development.
Chondral Defect
The knee joint is referred to as a synovial joint.
Chondromalacia Patella
The cartilage underneath your kneecap helps your knee move smoothly.
Degenerative Joint Disease
One of the main forms of this condition is osteoarthritis, the most common type of arthritis in the UK.
Discoid Meniscus
Discoid meniscus is a condition where a meniscus in the knee is abnormally shaped.
Fat Pad Impingement
If the fat pad stays irritated, it can become inflamed.
Gout and Pseudogout
It causes sudden, severe pain in a joint, with hot, swollen, red skin over the joint.
Heel Fat Pad Irritation/Syndrome
The heel fat pad protects the heel bone by cushioning it and absorbing shock as you move through the day.
Hoffa's Syndrome
It can become pinched (impinged), irritated and inflamed.
Hyperextended Knee
This can damage the ligaments and other structures that hold the knee stable.
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome
Outer-knee pain just above the joint line, worse with running.
Interphalangeal Joint Sprain
If the ligament is torn, the joint may partly slip out of place (sublux) or fully dislocate.
Knee Arthroscopy
The knee is the joint that most often has an arthroscopy.
Knee Bone Bruising
People often assume that a black-and-blue mark on the skin is what a bruise is.
Knee Bursitis
Bursitis is inflammation of a small fluid-filled sac called a bursa (plural = bursae).
Knee Collateral Ligament Sprain (MCL and LCL)
The knee is the largest joint in the body (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, n.d.b).
Knee Dislocation
Knee dislocations are rare and they are a serious injury.
Knee Fractures of the Proximal Tibia
A fracture in the shinbone just below the knee is called a proximal tibia fracture.
Knee Lateral Collateral Ligament Rupture
An LCL rupture is also called a Grade III tear.
Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Rupture
Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are sprains or tears of the medial collateral ligament.
Knee Osteoarthritis
Ongoing wear in the knee joint, managed through strength and stability.
Knee Replacement
You might even begin feeling pain when lying down or sitting.
Knee Sprain
Knee sprains are injuries to the knee ligaments – a sprain is a torn or twisted ligament.
Meniscus Tear
Support through the period around a meniscus injury, surgical or not.
Osgood Schlatter Disease
The condition is more common in boys than girls, and it is more common in young people who play sport.
Osteochondral Lesion
Osteochondral lesions can occur within any joint, but they tend to be most common in the knee and ankle.
Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Osteonecrosis means death of bone tissue.
Patella Dislocation
A patella dislocation is an uncommon and quite serious injury.
Patellar Fracture
Falling down onto the knee is one of the most common causes.
Patellar Instability
When things are "in the groove", they run smoothly.
Patellar Tendinopathy
Pain and tenderness just below the kneecap, from tendon or bursa.
Patellar Tendon Tear
The patellar tendon works with the muscles at the front of the thigh to straighten the leg.
Patellar Tracking Dysfunction
Knee joints are complex hinges joining the shin bone (tibia) with the thighbone (femur).
Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a common problem, and the risk of developing it increases as you get older.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Front-of-knee pain involving how the kneecap tracks over the thigh bone.
Pes Anserine Bursitis
The pes anserine bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion.
Plica Syndrome
Early in fetal development, the knee is divided into compartments by membranes.
Popliteal Bursitis
A popliteal bursitis is a fluid-filled swelling at the back of the knee.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear (PCL)
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears happen a lot less often than other injuries to the knee ligaments.
Prepatellar Bursitis
Bursae are small, jelly-like sacs that act as cushions to reduce friction.
Stroke
Within minutes, brain cells begin to die.
Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear
Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) tears happen when the ligament on the inside of the elbow is torn.
Hip & Thigh
Adductor Tear
Muscle strains are quite common, especially in those who are active in sports.
Adductor Tendinopathy
It is usually caused by overuse: repeated small strains on the tendon over time.
Biceps Femoris Tendinopathy
Tendon pain under the buttock is often called proximal (upper) hamstring tendinopathy.
Burning Thigh Pain
This condition is called meralgia paresthetica.
Compartment Syndrome – Thigh/Buttocks
Compartment syndrome happens when pressure builds up to dangerous levels inside a group of muscles.
Developmental Dislocation (Dysplasia) of the Hip (DDH)
The hip is a ball-and-socket joint.
Femoral Anteversion
Femoral anteversion is a condition where the thighbone (femur) is twisted inwards.
Femoral Fracture
The thighbone (femur) is the longest and strongest bone in the body.
Femoral Nerve Entrapment
This can cause pain, numbness, tingling or weakness in the front of the thigh, the knee or the lower leg.
Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)
Because the bones do not fit together perfectly, they rub against each other during movement.
Fracture After Total Hip Replacement
It is a serious complication that most often needs surgery.
Gilmore's Groin
The condition is named after Jerry Gilmore, the London surgeon who described it in the early 1990s.
Gluteal Strain
A strained gluteal muscle is a partial tear of the small fibres within one of the gluteal muscles.
Gluteus Medius Tendinopathy
In tendinopathy, the tendon tissue breaks down rather than simply becoming inflamed.
Greater Trochanteric Bursitis
Tenderness on the outside of the hip, often called “hip bursitis.”
Groin Strain
A strain of the adductor muscles, treated with extra care and clear communication.
Hamstring Muscle Strain
A sudden pull of the hamstring, common in sprinting and kicking sports.
Hamstring Origin Tendinopathy
It is now understood as a problem caused by the tendon being overloaded, rather than mainly an inflammation.
Hamstring Tendon Rupture
Tendons are fibrous cords of tissue connecting the muscles to the bones.
Hip Capsulitis
Although it was first described in the hip in 1963, it has been studied much less than frozen shoulder.
Hip Dislocation
Hip dislocations occur when the head of the thigh bone (the ball) is forced out of its socket in the pelvis.
Hip Flexor Strain
The hip flexor muscles let you lift your leg and knee up towards your body and bend at the waist.
Hip Fractures
Hip fractures are serious injuries, especially for older people, and need treatment in hospital straight away.
Hip Impingement
FAI happens because the hip bones do not form normally during the growing years in childhood.
Hip Labral Tear
The most common cause is femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), also called hip impingement.
Hip Osteoarthritis
Ongoing wear in the hip joint, managed with muscle-focused treatment.
Hip Pointer
A hip pointer is a deep bruise (contusion) to the iliac crest, the top curved ridge of the hip bone.
Hip Replacement
Modern hip replacements are designed to last at least 15 years.
Hip Strain
The large bones making up the hip joint serve as anchors for many of the muscles in the area.
Iliopsoas Bursitis
The bursa helps to reduce friction and rubbing between the soft tissues and the bones at the hip joint.
Inflammatory Arthritis of the Hip
Arthritis means inflammation of a joint, and there are many types.
Osteonecrosis of the Hip
Osteonecrosis is also called avascular necrosis.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis causes the bones to become weak and fragile, so they break more easily.
Perthes Disease
Perthes disease is a condition in children that affects the "ball" part of the hip joint (the femoral head).
Piriformis Syndrome
Buttock pain that mimics sciatica, common after long hours sitting.
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
The main symptom is muscle stiffness in the morning that lasts longer than 45 minutes.
Polymyositis
The weakness mainly affects the large muscles around the shoulders and hips.
Premature Osteoporosis
In severe cases even something like a minor fall, bending over or coughing can cause a bone to fracture.
Psoas Syndrome
In comparison to other muscular conditions, psoas syndrome is rare, and it is often a grey area for diagnosis.
Quadriceps Strain
A strain of the quadriceps, common in kicking and sprinting.
Quadriceps Tendinopathy
Overuse of the front of the knee, from repeated loading, can strain and irritate the quadriceps tendon.
Quadriceps Tendon Tear
The quadriceps is the main muscle group at the front of the thigh.
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
It is the most common hip disorder in this age group.
Snapping Hip Syndrome
Snapping hip syndrome is often referred to as dancer's hip.
Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip
In many cases the pain increases over time and may become disabling.
Trendelenburg Sign
The Trendelenburg sign is a finding on a simple test, not a condition in itself.
Low Back & Pelvis
Acute Back Pain
Acute back pain is common, and usually not serious.
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
The name comes from ankylosis, meaning fusing, spondyl- meaning spine, and -itis meaning inflammation.
Cervical Disc Herniation
The bones (vertebrae) forming the spine are cushioned by flat, round discs.
Cervical Facet Joint Sprain
The spine has a number of bones that are referred to as vertebrae.
Cervical Spondylosis
Neck pain occurs more often than one might think.
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
A less common neck condition that occurs with age is cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
Coccydynia
It is often associated with tenderness at the tip of the tailbone.
Coccyx Fracture
A coccyx injury is usually caused by a fall onto your tailbone.
Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
Just about everyone will have some type of lower back pain at some point in their lifetime.
Disc Herniation
Between 60% and 80% of people will at one time or another suffer from lower back pain.
Facet Joint Osteoarthritis
Pain can range from mild to intense.
Facet Joint Syndrome
When the joints become swollen and painful due to injury or strain, it can cause pain.
Hyperlordosis
A tight-psoas, weak-core pattern that pulls the pelvis into a forward tilt.
Laminectomy of the Lumbar Spine
More than one level of the spine may need to be operated on, depending on the amount of degeneration.
Leg Length Discrepancy
Differences of less than about 2 cm (20 mm) are often symptom-free and are considered a normal variation.
Lower Back Pain
Acute strains, sciatica, herniated discs and SI joint pain, treated conservatively.
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
These often get worse when walking or standing and better when sitting or bending forward.
Lumbar Spondylosis
Lower back pain is incredibly common: around 60–85% of adults have low back pain at some point in their lives.
Lumbar Stress Fracture
A stress fracture in the lower back is known as spondylolysis.
Oblique Muscle Strain
Muscle strains happen when a muscle is stretched beyond its limits and some of the muscle fibres tear.
Pelvis Fracture
Your pelvis is the ring of bones at the base of your spine, around your hips.
Posture
We are often told by well-meaning people to stand up straight or stop slouching at the table.
Rectus Abdominis Strain
It extends from the front of the pelvis (the pubic bone) all the way up to the ribs.
Sacral Fracture
The sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine.
Sacroiliac Joint Hypermobility
The joint is most easily felt by pressing around the top of the buttock.
Sacroiliac Joint Osteoarthritis
The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) lies low in the back where the spine meets the pelvis.
Sacroiliac Joint Pain
The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is located in the lower part of the back where the pelvis and the spine meet.
Sciatica
Sciatica is nerve pain that travels down the back of the leg.
Spinal Fracture
Spinal fractures are a serious injury.
Spinal Stenosis
It most often occurs in the lower back and the neck.
Spinal Tumor
Most of the time, back pain isn't caused by a tumor, and that makes tumors difficult to diagnose.
Spondyloarthropathy
Back pain is very common, and it usually improves within a few weeks.
Spondylolisthesis
It can happen anywhere along the spine but is most common in the lower back.
Spondylolysis
This condition is called spondylolysis.
Transverse Process Fracture
A transverse process fracture is a break in one of the small bony projections on the side of a vertebra.
Workplace Ergonomics
Good workplace posture is important for the health of your neck and back.
Mid & Upper Back
Cervical Kyphosis
The spine has a number of normal curves when you look at it from the side.
Cervicothoracic Joint (CT) Dysfunction
It is not a standard medical diagnosis.
Congenital Scoliosis
Children with this condition sometimes have other health problems, such as bladder or kidney problems.
Costochondritis
It can cause sharp pain in the front or side of the chest.
Costovertebral Joint Disorders
The costovertebral joints are where your ribs join the spine in your upper back (the thoracic spine).
Costovertebral Joint Fixation
The joint is strengthened by the radiate ligament and the intra-articular ligament.
Costovertebral Joint Sprain
The costovertebral joint is where a rib joins the spine.
Hyperkyphosis
Rounded shoulders and a forward head from hours at a desk.
Intercostal Muscle Strain
Muscular tightness, a stuck rib joint, or a facet strain in the mid-back.
Levator Scapulae Syndrome
The levator scapulae muscle runs from the neck to the shoulder blade, and there is one muscle on each side.
Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy
The long thoracic nerve comes from nerve roots in the neck and supplies the serratus anterior muscle.
Rib Bruising and Fractures
Rib injuries normally refer to rib fractures, which is a break in one or more of your ribs.
Scapula Fracture
These fractures account for less than 1 percent of all broken bones.
Scapular Rotation Dysfunction (SICK Scapula)
Its only bony attachment to the rest of the body is through the collarbone.
Scoliosis
Managing the muscular side of structural or functional scoliosis.
Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents
Your spine helps to hold your body in an upright position.
Sternum Fracture
A sternum fracture is a break in the breastbone (sternum), the flat bone at the front of the chest.
Thoracic Intervertebral Joint Sprain
Injury can also follow a forced movement backward or forward.
Thoracic Spine Pain
A stiff, locked-up mid-back that limits rotation.
Tietze's Syndrome
The swelling usually affects just one joint on one side, most often at the second or third rib.
Neck & Shoulder
Acromioclavicular Joint Separation
The acromioclavicular joint is one of the joints that make up the shoulder complex.
Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain
In cases of mild injury, the ligaments supporting the joint are stretched, classified as a Grade I injury.
Acromioclavicular Osteoarthritis
Most ACJ arthritis is caused simply by wear and tear of the joint over several decades.
Anterior Scalene Syndrome
There are instances where doctors aren't able to find a cause.
Biceps Brachii Tendinopathy
The main function of the biceps is to bend your elbow and to rotate your forearm.
Biceps Tendon Tear at the Elbow
The biceps is located at the front of your upper arm.
Biceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder
The biceps muscle is located in the front of your upper arm.
Biceps Tendonitis of the Shoulder
This strong, cord-like structure connects the upper end of the biceps muscle to the shoulder socket.
Burners and Stingers
Burners and stingers are common injuries in collision or contact sports.
Calcific Tendinopathy of the Shoulder
Four muscles and their tendons make up the rotator cuff, which surrounds the back and top of the shoulder.
Cervical Dislocation
Most dislocations are due to blunt trauma, such as a road traffic accident, a fall or a sports injury.
Cervical Dystonia
Cervical dystonia is the most common of all focal dystonias.
Cervical Fracture
Seven bones in the neck make up the cervical vertebrae.
Cervical Radiculopathy (Pinched Nerve)
This type of injury is often called a pinched nerve (radiculopathy).
Cervical Somatosensory Dysfunction
It is not a standard medical diagnosis.
Clavicle Fracture
The collarbone (clavicle) is one of the main bones of the shoulder.
Congenital Muscular Torticollis
The head tilts towards one shoulder and the chin turns towards the opposite shoulder.
Costoclavicular Syndrome
Costoclavicular syndrome happens when this space narrows and puts pressure on these structures.
Frozen Shoulder
Shoulder joint-capsule inflammation moving through freezing, frozen and thawing stages.
Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD)
GIRD is a loss of internal rotation of the shoulder.
Glenohumeral Joint Instability
Trauma to the shoulder is quite common.
Glenohumeral Joint Osteoarthritis
This is the ball and socket joint of the shoulder.
Glenoid Labrum Tear
Traumatic labral tears often happen when the shoulder dislocates.
Humerus Fracture
The humerus is the long bone of the upper arm, running from the shoulder to the elbow.
Neck Fracture
There are seven vertebrae in the neck.
Neck Pain
The neck is made up of seven vertebrae that run from the base of the skull to the upper back.
Neck Sprain
Neck sprains are stretched ligaments, and neck strains are stretched muscles, in the neck.
Pectoralis Minor Syndrome
The pectoralis minor is a small muscle in the upper chest.
Radius (Proximal) Fracture
These fractures usually happen from falling onto an outstretched hand.
Rotator Cuff Rupture
Rotator cuff ruptures are serious injuries to the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles in the shoulder.
Rotator Cuff Tear
A rotator cuff tear is a common cause of shoulder pain and disability among adults.
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
Shoulder-joint pain from rotator cuff strain, tendinopathy or instability.
Shoulder Arthroscopy
Shoulder arthroscopy is another name for keyhole shoulder surgery.
Shoulder Decompression Surgery
Shoulder decompression (subacromial decompression) is a form of surgery to the shoulder.
Shoulder Dislocation
The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body.
Shoulder Fracture
If you think you have broken a bone in your shoulder, get it checked by a doctor.
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
AC joint or supraspinatus pain with overhead lifting.
Shoulder Labral Tear
This helps them to identify and treat injuries known as shoulder labral tears (AAOS, n.d.a).
Shoulder Subluxation
A shoulder subluxation is a temporary, partial dislocation of the shoulder joint.
SLAP Tear (Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior)
In a SLAP injury, the top part of the labrum is injured.
Subacromial Bursitis
Subacromial bursitis is when a bursa in the shoulder becomes painful and swollen (inflamed).
Swan Neck Deformity
Normal positioning and movement in the finger come from balanced actions of a number of important structures.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
A compressed nerve bundle near the neck causing arm and hand numbness.
Whiplash and Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD)
Neck tightness after a car accident or fall, often covered under auto insurance.
Wry Neck
The “slept on it wrong” stiff neck, pinched nerves and facet strains — fast relief.
Elbow, Wrist & Hand
Bennett's Fracture
Two common fractures occur at the base of the thumb, one of which is called Bennett's fracture.
Boutonniere Deformity of the Finger
The middle joint of the finger stays bent, while the tip of the finger bends backward.
Bowler's Thumb
Some people find it harder to grip or pinch things.
Carpal Bone Fracture
This sheet focuses on carpal bone fractures, with some general advice for any broken wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Numbness and tingling in the thumb and fingers, often worse at night.
Colles' Fracture
A Colles’ fracture is a type of broken wrist.
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
The ulnar nerve is one of the three main nerves in your arm.
Cyclist's Palsy
Cyclist's palsy is a nerve problem that can affect mountain bikers and road cyclists.
De Quervain's Tendonitis
Irritation of the thumb's tendon sheath, common in new parents.
Dupuytren's Contracture
The condition is more common in men than in women, and it usually appears in middle age or later.
Elbow (Olecranon) Bursitis
Bursae are thin, slippery sacs found throughout the body.
Elbow (Olecranon) Fracture
When you bend your elbow, it's easy to feel the tip of it.
Elbow Dislocation and Fracture
When the joint surfaces of the elbow are separated, a dislocation occurs.
Elbow Sprain
An elbow sprain is a stretch or tear of one or more of the ligaments around the elbow.
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendonitis (ECU)
Tendonitis is when a tendon, the tissue connecting a muscle to bone, becomes swollen and painful.
Extensor Digitorum Tendon Injury
The extensor tendons run along the top of the foot and help to lift (straighten) the toes and the foot.
Finger Dislocation
A finger dislocation is when the bones of a finger joint are pushed out of their normal position.
Finger Extensor Tendon Injury
The extensor tendons run along the back of the hand and fingers, and they straighten the fingers and thumb.
Finger Fracture
Although the bones in the fingers are small, a broken (fractured) finger is not a minor injury.
Finger Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) Joint Dislocation
The proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is the middle joint of the finger.
Finger Sprain
Finger sprains are injuries to the ligaments that support the joints of the finger.
Finger Tendon Rupture
Tendons are strong cords that connect muscles to bone.
Fingertip Injuries/Amputations
Injuries to the fingertips happen all too often at home, at work and during play.
Flexor Tendon Injuries
Injuries to the flexor tendons can make it difficult or impossible to bend the thumb or fingers.
Galeazzi Fracture
The injury disrupts the forearm's rotation axis.
Gamekeeper's or Poacher's Thumb
Gamekeeper's thumb is an injury to a ligament at the base of the thumb.
Ganglion Cyst of the Wrist and Hand
Ganglion cysts are the most common lumps in the hand.
Golfer's Elbow
Golfer’s elbow causes pain and tenderness in the tendons that connect the forearm muscles to the elbow.
Guyon's Canal Syndrome
When it happens in cyclists, it is often called handlebar palsy.
Hand Fracture
A hand can be broken by a fall, a crush or twisting injury, or direct contact in sport.
Hand Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis in the UK.
Hook of Hamate Fracture
The wrist is composed of eight small bones (carpals) and the forearm bone ends (radius and ulna).
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation
A suspected dislocation needs to be checked and treated as quickly as possible.
Intersection Syndrome
Intersection syndrome is a painful condition of the wrist and forearm.
Jersey Finger
Jersey finger is an injury to one of the finger tendons.
Kienbock's Disease
Bone is a living tissue requiring a regular supply of blood to keep it nourished.
Mallet Finger (Baseball Finger)
Mallet finger is a finger deformity caused when the extensor tendon is damaged.
Medial Epicondyle Apophysitis in Children
It is an injury to the growth plate on the inner side of the elbow.
Metacarpal Bone Fracture
A broken hand (fracture) is quite common.
Phalangeal Injury (Hand)
Hand injuries are quite common in sport, especially in ball games and contact sports.
Posterior Interosseous Nerve Entrapment
The posterior interosseous nerve is a branch of the radial nerve.
Pronator Teres Syndrome
Symptoms of this syndrome are quite similar to those of carpal tunnel syndrome.
Radial Head Fracture
It can also break one or both of the forearm bones, the radius and the ulna.
Radial Tunnel Syndrome
It happens when tightness and swelling in the radial tunnel put too much pressure on the radial nerve.
Repetitive Strain Injury to the Thumb
The thumb is especially susceptible to these types of injuries.
Repetitive Strain Injury to the Wrist or Hand
It can affect the muscles, tendons and nerves.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Arthritis is inflammation in a joint.
Scaphoid Fracture of the Wrist
The scaphoid is one of the bones in the wrist.
Tennis Elbow
Inner (golfer's) or outer (tennis) elbow tendon irritation from repetitive strain.
Throwing Injuries in the Elbow in Children
In the UK, children also play cricket and rounders.
Thumb Dislocation
If the bones are only partly out of place, this is called a subluxation.
Thumb Fracture
A nearby injury to be aware of is a fractured scaphoid.
Thumb Osteoarthritis
Arthritis in the thumb is one of the most common forms of osteoarthritis affecting the hand.
Triceps Strain
The triceps brachii is the large muscle at the back of the upper arm.
Triceps Tendinopathy
A sudden increase in activity can also bring it on.
Triceps Tendon Tear
Triceps tendon tears are injuries to the triceps tendon at the back of the elbow.
Trigger Finger
Trigger finger limits movement in the finger.
Ulna (Proximal) Fracture
A proximal ulna fracture is a break in the upper end of the ulna, one of the forearm bones, near the elbow.
Volar Plate Injury
The volar plate is a thick ligament on the palm side of the middle joint of the finger.
Wrist Fracture
A wrist fracture is a break in one of the bones of the wrist.
Wrist Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis affects millions of people throughout the world and is the most common type of arthritis.
Wrist Sprain
Recovery from a wrist sprain or rehab after a wrist fracture.
Jaw & Head
Bell's Palsy
Half of the face may appear to droop.
Concussion
A concussion is a traumatic brain injury that temporarily changes the way your brain works.
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain all over the body.
Headaches
Headaches driven by tight upper-back and neck muscles.
Maxillofacial Trauma
Maxillofacial trauma, also known as facial trauma, is any type of physical injury to the face.
Migraine
Migraines have many triggers, symptoms and varying levels of disability.
Sinusitis
Stuffy sinuses that won't drain, from allergies or a lingering cold.
Skull or Facial Fracture
This sheet covers fractures of the skull (the bones around the brain) and of the face.
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ)
Tightness, clenching and a popping or clicking jaw joint.
Nothing matches that combination. Try another area or type.
Deep Tissue Massage
Firm, targeted pressure for chronic tension that hasn't responded to a lighter touch.
Whole bodyHolistic approachesArthritis & Ongoing CareMassage Therapy
What Registered Massage Therapy covers, and how each session gets built.
Whole bodyHolistic approachesPrenatal Massage
Comfortable, supported massage through pregnancy, built around a pregnancy bolster and extra padding.
Whole bodyPrenatal & PostpartumHolistic approachesRemedial Exercise & Rehab Exercises
Corrective exercise and movement coaching alongside hands-on treatment.
Whole bodySports & ActivityArthritis & Ongoing CareHolistic approachesSinusitis
Stuffy sinuses that won't drain, from allergies or a lingering cold.
Jaw & HeadHolistic approachesSports Massage
Recovery-focused massage and movement coaching for athletes and lifters.
Whole bodySports & ActivityHolistic approachesSwedish Massage
Long, flowing strokes built to calm the nervous system, not chase a specific problem.
Whole bodyHolistic approachesStress & Mental Wellbeing
Achilles Tendinopathy
Irritation of the Achilles tendon from repeated stress in walking and running.
FootAnkle & Lower LegSports & ActivityAchilles Tendon Rupture
The Achilles tendon is an important structure in the back of the leg above the heel bone (calcaneus).
Ankle & Lower LegSports & ActivityAcromioclavicular Joint Sprain
In cases of mild injury, the ligaments supporting the joint are stretched, classified as a Grade I injury.
Neck & ShoulderSports & ActivityAdductor Tear
Muscle strains are quite common, especially in those who are active in sports.
Hip & ThighSports & ActivityAdductor Tendinopathy
It is usually caused by overuse: repeated small strains on the tendon over time.
Hip & ThighSports & ActivityAnkle Impingement (Anterior)
While it is not only an athlete's problem, it is generally considered an overuse/repetitive injury.
Ankle & Lower LegSports & ActivityAnkle Sprains (Medial and Lateral)
Inside, outside and high ankle sprains, and how they differ.
Ankle & Lower LegSports & ActivityAnterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries
The ACL can become injured when the knee joint is bent backwards, twisted or bent to one side or another.
KneeSports & ActivityAnterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Reconstruction
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of four major stabilising knee ligaments.
KneePost-SurgicalSports & ActivityBiceps Brachii Tendinopathy
The main function of the biceps is to bend your elbow and to rotate your forearm.
Neck & ShoulderSports & ActivityBiceps Femoris Tendinopathy
Tendon pain under the buttock is often called proximal (upper) hamstring tendinopathy.
Hip & ThighNeck & ShoulderSports & ActivityBiceps Tendon Tear at the Elbow
The biceps is located at the front of your upper arm.
Neck & ShoulderElbow, Wrist & HandSports & Activity
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Reconstruction
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of four major stabilising knee ligaments.
KneePost-SurgicalSports & ActivityFracture After Total Hip Replacement
It is a serious complication that most often needs surgery.
Hip & ThighPost-SurgicalHip Replacement
Modern hip replacements are designed to last at least 15 years.
Hip & ThighPost-SurgicalKnee Arthroscopy
The knee is the joint that most often has an arthroscopy.
KneePost-SurgicalKnee Replacement
You might even begin feeling pain when lying down or sitting.
KneePost-SurgicalKyphoplasty
Kyphoplasty is a procedure used to treat vertebral compression (crush) fractures.
Whole bodyPost-SurgicalLaminectomy of the Lumbar Spine
More than one level of the spine may need to be operated on, depending on the amount of degeneration.
Low Back & PelvisPost-SurgicalMeniscus Tear
Support through the period around a meniscus injury, surgical or not.
KneeSports & ActivityPost-SurgicalArthritis & Ongoing CareShoulder Arthroscopy
Shoulder arthroscopy is another name for keyhole shoulder surgery.
Neck & ShoulderPost-SurgicalShoulder Decompression Surgery
Shoulder decompression (subacromial decompression) is a form of surgery to the shoulder.
Neck & ShoulderPost-SurgicalSpinal Fusion
Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure used to correct problems with the bones of the spine (vertebrae).
Whole bodyPost-SurgicalWrist Sprain
Recovery from a wrist sprain or rehab after a wrist fracture.
Elbow, Wrist & HandPost-SurgicalSports & Activity
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Numbness and tingling in the thumb and fingers, often worse at night.
Elbow, Wrist & HandNerve-RelatedDesk & PosturePrenatal & PostpartumDe Quervain's Tendonitis
Irritation of the thumb's tendon sheath, common in new parents.
Elbow, Wrist & HandPrenatal & PostpartumDesk & PosturePrenatal Massage
Comfortable, supported massage through pregnancy, built around a pregnancy bolster and extra padding.
Whole bodyPrenatal & PostpartumHolistic approaches
Acute Back Pain
Acute back pain is common, and usually not serious.
Low Back & PelvisDesk & PostureCarpal Tunnel Syndrome
Numbness and tingling in the thumb and fingers, often worse at night.
Elbow, Wrist & HandNerve-RelatedDesk & PosturePrenatal & PostpartumCervical Kyphosis
The spine has a number of normal curves when you look at it from the side.
Mid & Upper BackNeck & ShoulderArthritis & Ongoing CareDesk & PostureCervical Somatosensory Dysfunction
It is not a standard medical diagnosis.
Neck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedDesk & PostureCervicothoracic Joint (CT) Dysfunction
It is not a standard medical diagnosis.
Mid & Upper BackDesk & PostureCongenital Muscular Torticollis
The head tilts towards one shoulder and the chin turns towards the opposite shoulder.
Neck & ShoulderDesk & PostureDe Quervain's Tendonitis
Irritation of the thumb's tendon sheath, common in new parents.
Elbow, Wrist & HandPrenatal & PostpartumDesk & PostureExtensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendonitis (ECU)
Tendonitis is when a tendon, the tissue connecting a muscle to bone, becomes swollen and painful.
Elbow, Wrist & HandSports & ActivityDesk & PostureHeadaches
Headaches driven by tight upper-back and neck muscles.
Jaw & HeadNeck & ShoulderMid & Upper BackDesk & PostureStress & Mental WellbeingHyperkyphosis
Rounded shoulders and a forward head from hours at a desk.
Mid & Upper BackNeck & ShoulderDesk & PostureHyperlordosis
A tight-psoas, weak-core pattern that pulls the pelvis into a forward tilt.
Low Back & PelvisHip & ThighDesk & PostureIntercostal Muscle Strain
Muscular tightness, a stuck rib joint, or a facet strain in the mid-back.
Mid & Upper BackDesk & PostureSports & Activity
Anterior Scalene Syndrome
There are instances where doctors aren't able to find a cause.
Neck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedBell's Palsy
Half of the face may appear to droop.
Jaw & HeadNerve-RelatedBurners and Stingers
Burners and stingers are common injuries in collision or contact sports.
Neck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedBurning Thigh Pain
This condition is called meralgia paresthetica.
Hip & ThighNerve-RelatedCarpal Tunnel Syndrome
Numbness and tingling in the thumb and fingers, often worse at night.
Elbow, Wrist & HandNerve-RelatedDesk & PosturePrenatal & PostpartumCervical Disc Herniation
The bones (vertebrae) forming the spine are cushioned by flat, round discs.
Low Back & PelvisNeck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedCervical Radiculopathy (Pinched Nerve)
This type of injury is often called a pinched nerve (radiculopathy).
Neck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedCervical Somatosensory Dysfunction
It is not a standard medical diagnosis.
Neck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedDesk & PostureCervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
A less common neck condition that occurs with age is cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
Low Back & PelvisNeck & ShoulderNerve-RelatedCommon Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
The common peroneal nerve usually gets trapped at the lower outside part of the knee.
Ankle & Lower LegNerve-RelatedCostoclavicular Syndrome
Costoclavicular syndrome happens when this space narrows and puts pressure on these structures.
Neck & ShoulderMid & Upper BackNerve-RelatedCubital Tunnel Syndrome
The ulnar nerve is one of the three main nerves in your arm.
Elbow, Wrist & HandNerve-Related
Acromioclavicular Osteoarthritis
Most ACJ arthritis is caused simply by wear and tear of the joint over several decades.
Neck & ShoulderArthritis & Ongoing CareAnkle Osteoarthritis
Ankle osteoarthritis is a condition in which the cartilage in the ankle joint gradually wears away.
Ankle & Lower LegArthritis & Ongoing CareAnkylosing Spondylitis (AS)
The name comes from ankylosis, meaning fusing, spondyl- meaning spine, and -itis meaning inflammation.
Low Back & PelvisArthritis & Ongoing CareBenign Hypermobility Joint Syndrome
Children are often more hypermobile and may lose this as they grow up.
Whole bodyArthritis & Ongoing CareBunions
Genes also play a large part: up to 70% of people who develop bunions have a family history of them.
FootArthritis & Ongoing CareCavus Foot (High Arches)
Cavus foot is a condition where the foot has a very high arch.
FootArthritis & Ongoing CareCervical Kyphosis
The spine has a number of normal curves when you look at it from the side.
Mid & Upper BackNeck & ShoulderArthritis & Ongoing CareDesk & PostureCervical Spondylosis
Neck pain occurs more often than one might think.
Low Back & PelvisNeck & ShoulderArthritis & Ongoing CareChronic Ankle Instability
An ankle that keeps rolling or feels unreliable, often after repeated sprains.
Ankle & Lower LegSports & ActivityArthritis & Ongoing CareChronic Fatigue Syndrome
There may be periods when your symptoms get better or worse.
Whole bodyArthritis & Ongoing CareStress & Mental WellbeingClaw Foot
Claw foot is a type of foot deformity.
FootArthritis & Ongoing CareClaw Toe
When you have claw toe, your toes curl and dig down into the soles of your shoes, causing painful calluses.
FootArthritis & Ongoing Care
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
There may be periods when your symptoms get better or worse.
Whole bodyArthritis & Ongoing CareStress & Mental WellbeingFibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain all over the body.
Jaw & HeadArthritis & Ongoing CareStress & Mental WellbeingHeadaches
Headaches driven by tight upper-back and neck muscles.
Jaw & HeadNeck & ShoulderMid & Upper BackDesk & PostureStress & Mental WellbeingSwedish Massage
Long, flowing strokes built to calm the nervous system, not chase a specific problem.
Whole bodyHolistic approachesStress & Mental WellbeingTemporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ)
Tightness, clenching and a popping or clicking jaw joint.
Jaw & HeadArthritis & Ongoing CareStress & Mental Wellbeing
Book a session
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